NAME ^

src/io/io.c - Generic IO

DESCRIPTION ^

The Parrot IO subsystem uses a per-interpreter stack to provide a layer-based approach to IO. Each layer implements a subset of the ParrotIOLayerAPI vtable. To find an IO function, Parrot searches the layer stack downwards until it finds a non-NULL function pointer for that particular slot.

This file implements the generic functionality. Specific layers are in separate files: src/io/io_buf.c, src/io/io_stdio.c, src/io/io_unix.c, src/io/io_win32.c, and src/io/io_layers.c.

The ParrotIO PMC provides the class-based interface that is used in Parrot ops. The ParrotIO struct is defined in src/io/io_private.h.

Resource Functions ^

PMC *new_io_pmc(Interp *interp, ParrotIO *io)

Creates and returns a new ParrotIO PMC.

STRING *PIO_make_io_string(Interp *, STRING **buf, size_t default_len)

Creates a STRING* suitable for returning results from IO read functions. The passed in buf parameter can:

  1. Point to a NULL STRING
  2. Point to a real STRING
  3. Point to a fake STRING with (strstart, bufused) holding the *buffer information.
In the third case, the buffer or STRING must be able to hold the required amount of data. For cases 1 and 2, a NULL strstart tells this function to allocate the STRING memory.

ParrotIOTable alloc_pio_array(int numhandles)

Allocates an interpreter's IO handle table with room for numhandles IO handles.

Called from PIO_init().

int realloc_pio_array(ParrotIOTable *table, int numhandles)

Unimplemented; returns -1.

ParrotIO *PIO_new(Interp *interp, INTVAL iotype, INTVAL flags, INTVAL mode)

Creates a new IO stream.

The values of flags and mode are set in the returned ParrotIO.

Currently iotype is unused.

void PIO_destroy(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Destroys the IO stream. At the moment, this only frees the memory and removes the pointers from the PMC.

void PIO_init(Interp *interp)

Sets up the interpreter's layer stack and creates the STD* handles.

Called when creating an interpreter.

void PIO_finish(Interp *interp)

Closes the interpreter's IO resourses. Called during its interpreter destruction.

void PIO_internal_shutdown(Interp *interp)

IO system destructor, called on destruction of the last interpreter.

INTVAL PIO_init_stacks(Interp *interp)

Initializes the interpreter's default IO stack by pushing on the IO layers (OS-specific first).

INTVAL PIO_base_init(Interp *interp, ParrotIOLayer *l)

Init routine called once for each layer at interpreter creation time. This is similar to a Perl module INIT {} block.

This default implementation does nothing and returns 0.

Generic top-level ParrotIO interface ^

INTVAL PIO_parse_open_flags(const char *flagstr)

Parses *flagstr for Perl-style file open mode flags (<, >, >>, +<, +>) and returns the combined generic bit flags.

The low level OS layers may then interpret the generic bits differently depending on platform.

XXX BD Should this be static?

INTVAL PIO_peek(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, void *buffer)

Iterates down the stack to the first layer implementing "Peek" API.

INTVAL PIO_pioctl(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, INTVAL cmd, INTVAL arg)

General purpose interface for manipulating IO objects and layer attributes.

Refer to the PIOCTL* values in include/parrot/io.h.

All set operations return 0 on success and a negative value on error. get operations use the return value as the value requested, but should always be >= 0. A negative value indicates an error. This may be too limited, but we will see. --Melvin

INTVAL PIO_setbuf(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, size_t bufsize)

Sets the buffer size for *pmc to bufsize. Returns 0 if the buffering was enabled.

INTVAL PIO_setlinebuf(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Enables line buffering for *pmc. Returns 0 if line buffering was successfully set, or already enabled.

PMC *PIO_open(Interp *interp, ParrotIOLayer *layer, const char *spath, const char *sflags)

Creates and returns a ParrotIO PMC for *spath.

PMC *PIO_fdopen(Interp *interp, ParrotIOLayer *layer, PIOHANDLE fd, const char *sflags)

Creates and returns a ParrotIO PMC for *spath on an existing, open file descriptor.

This is used particularly to initialize the STD* IO handles onto the OS IO handles (0,1,2).

INTVAL PIO_close(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Flushes, closes, and destroys the ParrotIO PMC *pmc.

void PIO_flush(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Flushes the ParrotIO PMC *pmc.

STRING *PIO_reads(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, size_t len)

Return a new STRING* holding up to len bytes.

INTVAL PIO_read(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, void *buffer, size_t len)

Reads up to len bytes from *pmc and copies them into *buffer.

INTVAL PIO_write(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, const void *buffer, size_t len)

Writes len bytes from *buffer to *pmc.

PIOOFF_T PIO_seek(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, PIOOFF_T offset, INTVAL w)

Moves the read/write position of *pmc to offset bytes from the position indicated by w. Typically w will be 0 for the start of the file, 1 for the current position, and 2 for the end.

PIOOFF_T PIO_tell(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Returns the current read/write position of *pmc.

INTVAL PIO_eof(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Returns a boolean value indication whether *pmc's current read/write position is EOF.

INTVAL PIO_puts(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, const char *s)

Writes *s tp *pmc. C string version.

INTVAL PIO_putps(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, STRING *s)

Writes *s to *pmc. Parrot string version.

INTVAL PIO_fprintf(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, const char *s, ...)

Writes a C string format with varargs to *pmc.

INTVAL PIO_printf(Interp *interp, const char *s, ...)

Writes a C string format with varargs to stdout.

INTVAL PIO_eprintf(Interp *interp, const char *s, ...)

Writes a C string format with varargs to stderr.

PIOHANDLE PIO_getfd(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Returns *pmc's file descriptor, or 0 if it is not defined.

PIO_STD* Functions ^

The PIO_STD* functions are defined using the Interp *interp macro. The prototype is protected with an identity macro.

PMC *PIO_STDIN ID((Interp *interp))

Returns the ParrotIO PMC for stdin.

PMC *PIO_STDOUT ID((Interp *interp))

Returns the ParrotIO PMC for stdout.

PMC *PIO_STDERR ID((Interp *interp))

Returns the ParrotIO PMC for stderr.

DOD-related Functions ^

void Parrot_IOData_mark(Interp *interp, ParrotIOData *piodata)

Called from trace_active_PMCs() to mark the IO data live.

Offset Functions ^

These are used to create offsets for the seek op.

PIOOFF_T PIO_make_offset(INTVAL offset)

Returns offset.

PIOOFF_T PIO_make_offset32(INTVAL hi, INTVAL lo)

hi is shifted 32 bytes to the left and ored together with lo. This allows 64-bit seeks with only 32-bit INTVALS.

PIOOFF_T PIO_make_offset_pmc(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Returns the return value of the get_integer vtable method on *pmc.

Networking Functions ^

INTVAL PIO_poll(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, INTVAL which, INTVAL sec, INTVAL usec)

Polls *pmc for the events in which every sec seconds + usec microseconds.

PMC *PIO_socket(Interp *interp, INTVAL fam, INTVAL type, INTVAL proto)

Creates and returns a socket using the specified address family, socket type, and protocol number. Check the returned PMC with a boolean test to see whether the socket was successfully created.

INTVAL PIO_recv(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, STRING **buf)

Receives a message from the connected socket *pmc in *buf. Returns -1 if it fails.

INTVAL PIO_send(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, STRING *buf)

Sends the message *buf to the connected socket *pmc. Returns -1 if it cannot send the message.

INTVAL PIO_connect(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, STRING *address)

Connects *pmc to *address. Returns -1 on failure.

INTVAL PIO_bind(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, STRING *address)

Binds *pmc's socket to the local address and port specified by *address. Returns -1 on failure.

INTVAL PIO_listen(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc, INTVAL backlog)

Listens for new connections on socket *pmc. Returns -1 on failure.

INTVAL PIO_accept(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Accepts a new connection and returns a newly created ParrotIO socket. Returns NULL on failure.

INTVAL PIO_isatty(Interp *interp, PMC *pmc)

Returns a boolean value indicating whether *pmc is a console/tty.

SEE ALSO ^

io/io_buf.c, io/io_passdown.c, io/io_stdio.c, io/io_unix.c, io/io_win32.c, io/io_private.h.

HISTORY ^

Initially written by Melvin Smith.

Some ideas and goals from Perl 5.7 and Nick Ing-Simmons' work.

TODO ^

Rework to use copy-on-write IO stacks rather than creating a new stack for each IO stream.

Add support for loadable layers in Parrot bytecode.


parrot