NAME

src/string.c - Parrot Strings

DESCRIPTION

This file implements the non-ICU parts of the Parrot string subsystem.

Note that bufstart and buflen are used by the memory subsystem. The string functions may only use buflen to determine if there is some space left beyond bufused. This is the only valid usage of these two data members, beside setting bufstart/buflen for external strings.

Functions

void Parrot_unmake_COW: If the specified Parrot string is copy-on-write then the memory is copied over and the copy-on-write flag is cleared.
STRING *Parrot_make_COW_reference: Creates a copy-on-write string by cloning a string header without allocating a new buffer.
STRING *Parrot_reuse_COW_reference: Creates a copy-on-write string by cloning a string header without allocating a new buffer. Doesn't allocate a new string header, instead using the one passed in and returns it.
STRING *string_set: Makes the contents of first Parrot string a copy of the contents of second.

Basic String Functions

Creation, enlargement, etc.

void string_init: Initializes the Parrot string subsystem.
void string_deinit: De-Initializes the Parrot string subsystem.
UINTVAL string_capacity: Returns the capacity of the specified Parrot string in bytes, that is how many bytes can be appended onto strstart.
STRING *string_make_empty: Creates and returns an empty Parrot string.
const CHARSET *string_rep_compatible: Find the "lowest" possible charset and encoding for the given string. E.g.; Returs NULL, if no compatible string representation can be found.
STRING *string_concat: Concatenates two Parrot strings. If necessary, converts the second string's encoding and/or type to match those of the first string. If either string is NULL, then a copy of the non-NULL string is returned. If both strings are NULL, then a new zero-length string is created and returned.
STRING *string_append: Take in two Parrot strings and append the second to the first. NOTE THAT RETURN VALUE MAY NOT BE THE FIRST STRING, if the first string is COW'd or read-only. So make sure to _use_ the return value.
STRING *string_from_cstring: Make a Parrot string from a specified C string.
const char *string_primary_encoding_for_representation: Returns the primary encoding for the specified representation.; This is needed for packfile unpacking, unless we just always use UTF-8 or BOCU.
STRING *const_string: Creates and returns a constant Parrot string.
STRING *string_make: Creates and returns a new Parrot string using len bytes of string data read from buffer.; The value of charset_name specifies the string's representation. The currently recognised values are:; The encoding is implicitly guessed; unicode implies the utf-8 encoding, and the other three assume fixed-8 encoding.; If charset is unspecified, the default charset 'ascii' will be used.; The value of flags is optionally one or more PObj_* flags OR-ed together.
STRING *string_make_direct: Given a buffer, its length, an encoding, a character set, and STRING flags, creates and returns a new string. Don't call this directly.
STRING *string_grow: Grows the Parrot string's buffer by the specified number of characters.

Ordinary user-visible string operations

UINTVAL string_length: Returns the number of characters in the specified Parrot string.
INTVAL string_index: Returns the character (or glyph, depending upon the string's encoding). This abstracts the process of finding the Nth character in a (possibly Unicode or JIS-encoded) string, the idea being that once the encoding functions are fleshed out, this function can do the right thing.; Note that this is not range-checked.
INTVAL string_str_index: Returns the character position of the second Parrot string in the first at or after start. The return value is a (0 based) offset in characters, not bytes. If second string is not found in the first string, returns -1.
INTVAL string_ord: Returns the codepoint at a given index into a string. Negative indexes are treated as counting from the end of the string.
STRING *string_chr: Returns a single-character Parrot string.; TODO - Allow this to take an array of characters?
STRING *string_copy: Creates and returns a copy of the specified Parrot string.

Vtable Dispatch Functions

INTVAL string_compute_strlen: Calculates and returns the number of characters in the specified Parrot string.
INTVAL string_max_bytes: Returns the number of bytes required to safely contain the specified number of characters in the specified Parrot string's representation.
STRING *string_repeat: Repeats the specified Parrot string num times and stores the result in the second string, and returns it. The second string is created if necessary (that is, if you pass in a NULL value).
STRING *string_substr: Copies the substring of length length from offset from the specified Parrot string and stores it in **d, allocating memory if necessary. The substring is also returned.
STRING *string_replace: Replaces a sequence of length characters from offset in the first Parrot string with the second Parrot string, returning what was replaced.; This follows the Perl semantics for:; Replacing a sequence of characters with a longer string grows the string; a shorter string shrinks it.; Replacing 2 past the end of the string is undefined. However replacing 1 past the end of the string concatenates the two strings.; A negative offset is allowed to replace from the end.
STRING *string_chopn: Removes the last n characters of the specified Parrot string. If n is negative, cuts the string after +n characters. The returned string is a copy of the one passed in.
void string_chopn_inplace: Removes the last n characters of the specified Parrot string. If n is negative, cuts the string after +n characters. The string passed in is modified and returned.
INTVAL string_compare: Compares two strings to each other. If s1 is less than s2, returns -1. If the strings are equal, returns 0. If s1 is greater than s2, returns 2. This comparison uses the character set collation order of the strings for comparison.
INTVAL string_equal: Compares two Parrot strings, performing type and encoding conversions if necessary.; Note that this function returns 0 if the strings are equal, and non-zero otherwise.
static void make_writable: Makes the specified Parrot string writable with minimum length len. The representation argument is required in case a new Parrot string has to be created.
STRING *string_bitwise_and: Performs a bitwise AND on two Parrot string, performing type and encoding conversions if necessary. If the second string is not NULL then it is reused. Otherwise a new Parrot string is created.
STRING *string_bitwise_or: Performs a bitwise OR on two Parrot strings, performing type and encoding conversions if necessary. If the third string is not NULL, then it is reused. Otherwise a new Parrot string is created.
STRING *string_bitwise_xor: Performs a bitwise XOR on two Parrot strings, performing type and encoding conversions if necessary. If the second string is not NULL, then it is reused. Otherwise a new Parrot string is created.
STRING *string_bitwise_not: Performs a bitwise NOT on a Parrot string. If the second string is not NULL then it is reused, otherwise a new Parrot string is created.
INTVAL string_bool: Returns whether the specified Parrot string is true. A string is true if it is equal to anything other than 0, "" or "0".
STRING *string_printf: Writes and returns a Parrot string.
INTVAL string_to_int: Converts a numeric Parrot string to an integer value.; A number is such that:; The integer value is the appropriate integer representation of such a number, rounding towards zero.
FLOATVAL string_to_num: Converts a numeric Parrot STRING to a floating point number.
STRING *string_from_int: Returns a Parrot string representation of the specified integer value.
STRING *string_from_num: Returns a Parrot string representation of the specified floating-point value.
char *string_to_cstring: Returns a C string for the specified Parrot string. Use string_cstring_free() to free the string. Failure to do this will result in a memory leak.
void string_cstring_free: Free a string created by string_to_cstring().; TODO - Hopefully this can go away at some point, as it's got all sorts of leak potential otherwise.
void string_pin: Replaces the specified Parrot string's managed buffer memory by system memory.
void string_unpin: Undoes a string_pin() so that the string once again uses managed memory.
size_t string_hash: Returns the hash value for the specified Parrot string, caching it in s->hashval.
STRING *string_escape_string: Escapes all non-ASCII chars to backslash sequences. Control chars that string_unescape_cstring can handle are escaped as \x, as well as a double quote character. Other control chars and codepoints < 0x100 are escaped as \xhh, codepoints up to 0xffff, as \uhhhh, and codepoints greater than this as \x{hh...hh}.
STRING *string_escape_string_delimited: Escapes all non-ASCII characters in the given string with backslashed versions, but limits the length of the output (used for trace output of strings).
STRING *string_unescape_cstring: Unescapes the specified C string. These sequences are covered:
STRING *string_upcase: Returns a copy of the specified Parrot string converted to upper case. Non-caseable characters are left unchanged.
void string_upcase_inplace: Converts the specified Parrot string to upper case.
STRING *string_downcase: Returns a copy of the specified Parrot string converted to lower case. Non-caseable characters are left unchanged.
void string_downcase_inplace: Converts the specified Parrot string to lower case.
STRING *string_titlecase: Returns a copy of the specified Parrot string converted to title case. Non-caseable characters are left unchanged.
void string_titlecase_inplace: Converts the specified Parrot string to title case.
STRING *string_increment: Increments the string in the Perl 5 fashion, where incrementing aa gives you bb and so on. Currently single char only.
const char *Parrot_string_cstring: Returns a C string from a Parrot string. Both sides are treated as constants -- i.e. do not resize the result.
INTVAL Parrot_string_is_cclass: Returns 1 if the codepoint of string s at given offset is in the given character class flags. See also include/parrot/cclass.h for possible character classes. Returns 0 otherwise, or if the string is empty or NULL.
INTVAL Parrot_string_find_cclass: Finds the first occurrence of the given character class in flags in the string, and returns its glyph-wise index.
INTVAL Parrot_string_find_not_cclass: Finds the first occurrence of the a character not in the given character class in flags in the string starting from offset and looking at count positions, and returns its glyph-wise index. Returns offset + count, if not found.
STRING *Parrot_string_trans_charset: If dest == NULL, converts src to the given charset or encoding inplace. Otherwise returns a copy of src with the charset/encoding in dest.
STRING *Parrot_string_trans_encoding: If dest == NULL, converts src to the given charset or encoding in place. Otherwise returns a copy of src with the charset/encoding in dest
STRING *string_compose: Normalizes the string.
STRING *string_join: Joins the elements of the array ar as strings with the string j between them, returning the result.
PMC *string_split: Splits the string str at the delimiter delim, returning a ResizableStringArray of results.
PMC *Parrot_string_split: Split a string with a delimiter. Returns PMCNULL if the string or the delimiter is NULL, else is the same as string_split.
STRING *uint_to_str: Returns num converted to a Parrot STRING.; Note that base must be defined (a default of 10 is not assumed). The caller has to verify that base >= 2 && base <= 36 The buffer tc must be at least sizeof (UHUGEINTVAL)*8 + 1 chars big.; If minus is true, then - is prepended to the string representation.
STRING *int_to_str: Returns num converted to a Parrot STRING.; Note that base must be defined (a default of 10 is not assumed).; If num < 0, then - is prepended to the string representation.